Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Miscellaneous
14.1 STARTUP Any plant operation can be divided into three types of operating steps, namely,…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Instrumentation and Control in a Refi nery
13.1 CONTROL HARDWARE Modern chemical plants are automatically controlled with the objective of achieving the…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Elements of Pipeline Transfer Facilities
12.1 PIPES AND TUBES Pipes and tubes are long cylindrical conduits (the L/D ratio of…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Reactor Calculations
11.1 REACTORS IN REFINERIES AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS A reactor is a piece of equipment in…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Extraction
10.1 EXTRACTION PRINCIPLE If two liquids, a solvent and a solute, are in a homogeneous…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Heat Exchangers and Pipe-Still Furnaces
8.1 HEAT EXCHANGERS Heat exchanger equipment exchanges heat between a hot and a cold fl…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Material and Energy Balances
7.1 MEASUREMENT OF QUANTITY OF CRUDE OIL AND PRODUCTS In a refi nery, crude oil…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Offsite Facilities, Power and Utilities
6.1 LAYOUT OF PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS A refi nery or a petrochemical plant consists…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Petrochemicals
5.1 DEFINTIONS OF PETROCHEMICALS Petrochemicals are chemicals derived from petroleum products. Examples of petrochemicals are…
Posted inPetroleum Engineering
Introduction to Lubricating Oil and Grease
4.1 COMPONENTS OF FINISHED LUBRICATING OILS The use of animal fats to reduce friction and…