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The Iron–Carbon Diagram
The Iron–Iron Carbide (Fe–Fe3C) Phase Diagram This is one of the most important alloys for structural applications. The diagram Fe—C is simplified at low carbon concentrations by assuming it is the Fe—Fe3C diagram. Concentrations are usually given in weight percent. The possible phases are: • α-ferrite (BCC) Fe-C solution • γ-austenite (FCC) Fe-C solution • δ-ferrite (BCC) Fe-C solution • liquid Fe-C solution • Fe3C (iron carbide) or cementite. An intermetallic compound. The maximum solubility of C in α- ferrite is 0.022 wt%. δ−ferrite is only stable at high temperatures. It is not important in practice. Austenite has a maximum C concentration of 2.14 wt %. It is not stable below the eutectic temperature (727 C) unless cooled rapidly (Chapter 10). Cementite is in reality metastable, decomposing into α-Fe and C when heated for several years between…














