Engineering Mathematics
Ratio and proportion
The ratio of one quantity to another is a fraction, and is the number of times one quantity is contained in another quantity of the same kind. If one quantity is directly proportional to another, then as one quantity doubles, the other quantity also doubles. When a quantity is inversely proportional to another, then as…
Order of precedence and brackets
When a particular arithmetic operation is to be performed first, the numbers and the operator(s) are placed in brackets. Thus 3 times the result of 6 minus 2 is written as 3 × (6 − 2). In arithmetic operations, the order in which operations are performed are: (i) to determine the values of operations contained…
Highest common factors and lowest common multiples
When two or more numbers are multiplied together, the individual numbers are called factors. Thus a factor is a number which divides into another number exactly. The highest common factor (HCF) is the largest number which divides into two or more numbers exactly. A multiple is a number which contains another number an exact number…
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