Posted inPrinciple of Management
Classical School of Management Thought
Scientific Management and F. W. Taylor Scientific management,according to an early definition, refers to βthat kind ofmanagement which conducts a business or affairs by standards established by facts or truths gained through systematic observation, experiment, or reasoning.β Advocators of this school of thought attempted toraise labor efficiency primarily by managing the work of employees on the shop floor. Frederick Winslow Taylor, who is generallyacknowledged as βthe father of scientificmanagementβ believed that organizations should study tasks and prepare precise procedures. His varied experience gave him ample opportunity to have firsthand knowledge and intimate insightinto the problems and attitude of workers, and to explore great possibilities for improving the quality of management in the workplace. Formulating his theory based on firsthand experience, Taylorβs theory focused on ways to increase the efficiency of employees by molding their thought and scientific management. Henry Gnatt, an associate of Taylor, developed the Gnatt Chart, a bar graph thatmeasures planned and completed work along with each stage of production. This visual display chart has been a widely used control and planning tool since its development in 1910. Following is a sample of Gnatt Chart. Frank Gilbreth and his wife, Lillian Moller Gilbreth further improvised on Taylorβs time studies, devising βmotion studiesβ by photographing the individual movements of each worker. They carefully analyzed the motions and eliminated unnecessary ones.…















