Air Brake System is the brake system used in automobiles such as buses, trailers, trucks, and semi-trailers. George Westinghouse created air brakes for utilizing it in trains for railway service. A secured air brake was patented by him on 5th, March 1872. At first air brake is produced for use on trains and now it is…
Hydraulic Brake is an arrangement of braking mechanism which uses brake fluid, typically containing ethylene glycol, to transfer pressure from the controlling unit, which is usually near the operator of the vehicle, to the actual brake mechanism, which is usually at or near the wheel of the vehicle. The most common arrangement of hydraulic brakes for passenger vehicles, motorcycles,…
1. Frictional brakes are most common and can be divided broadly into “shoe” or “pad” brakes, using an explicit wear surface, and hydrodynamic brakes, such as parachutes, which use friction in a working fluid and do not explicitly wear. Typically the term “friction brake” is used to mean pad/shoe brakes and excludes hydrodynamic brakes, even though…
Brakes may be broadly described as using friction, pumping, or electromagnetics. One brake may use several principles: for example, a pump may pass fluid through an orifice to create friction: 1. Frictional Brake 2. Pumping Brake 3. Electromagnetic Brake 4. Hydraulic Brake 5. Air Brake 6. Anti-Braking System(ABS)
A brake is amechanical device which inhibits motion. Its opposite component is aclutch. Brake pedal slows a car to a stop. When you depress your brake pedal, your car transmits the force from your foot to its brakes through a fluid. Since the actual brakes require a much greater force than you could apply with your leg, your…
A battery is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy. It consists of a number of voltaic cells; each voltaic cell consists of two half cellsconnected in series by a conductive electrolyte containing anions and cations. One half-cell includes electrolyte and the electrode to which anions (negatively charged ions) migrate, i.e., the anode or negative electrode; the other half-cell…
Unfortunately there is no single battery technology available on the market today that can be considered as “The Solution” for all classes of portable battery operated devices. There are a variety of batteries in use, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. There are two main categories of batteries: (1) PRIMARY BATTERIES, sometimes also called single-use, or…
1. HEAVY DUTY BATTERIES are still very popular and have been around for many years because they are so cheap to purchase. Heavy Duty batteries work best in low drain devices such as AM/FM radios flashlights, smoke alarms and remote controls. Over the lifetime of the device, rechargeable alkaline batteries will provide the better value and…
Not all battery types are interchangeable. However, in the consumer, household small format battery category, the following types of the same format can in most cases be interchanged: Heavy Duty, Alkaline, Rechargeable Alkaline and NiMH batteries. Although primary and rechargeable alkaline batteries are rated at a nominal voltage of 1.5 volts, as they begin discharging, their voltage…
1.Performance – Since rechargeable batteries can be recharged many times over, the cumulative total service life exceeds that of primary batteries by a wide margin. These batteries use 1.2 volts of energy over the entire time. Disposable batteries start at 1.5 volts and progressively get lower until they die. By using rechargeable batteries, you are getting peak…