Intrinsic dielectric strength

Another test term sometimes used is ‘intrinsic dielectric strength’, which is the maximum voltage gradient a homogeneous substance will withstand in a uniform electric field. This shows the ability of an insulating material to resist breakdown, but practical tests produce lower values for a number of reasons:

•     Defects, voids, and foreign particles introduced during manufacture which lower the dielectric strength locally, having the effect of reducing the test values as the area tested is increased

•     The presence of a stress concentration at the electrode edges or points where the electric field is higher than average.

•   Due to the damaging effect of an electric discharge during testing

•     Because of dielectric heating, which raises the temperature and lowers the breakdown strength.

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