Advantages water tube boilers 1. Steam can be generated at very high pressures. 2. Heating surface is more in comparison with the space occupied, in the case of water tube boilers. 3. Steam can be raised more quickly than is possible with a fire tube boiler of large water capacity. Hence, it can be more easily used for…
It is a water tube boiler used in steam power plants. In this, water is circulated inside the tubes and hot gases flow over the tubes. Construction of Babcock and Wilcox Boiler The Babcock and Wilcox Boiler consists of 1. Steam and water drum (boiler shell) 2. Water tubes 3. Uptake-header and down corner 4. Grate 5. Furnace 6. Baffles 7. Super…
A steam power plant, also known as thermal power plant, is using steam as working fluid. Steam is produced in a boiler using coal as fuel and is used to drive the prime mover, namely, the steam turbine. In the steam turbine, heat energy is converted into mechanical energy which is used for generating electric…
Area Classification The type of protective technique selected and the level of protection it must provide depend upon the potential hazard caused by using electrical apparatus in a location where a combustible, flammable, or ignitible substance may be present. Area classification schemes and systems of material classification have been developed to provide a succinct description of the…
Combustion Air and Turbine Exhaust Gas Temperature and Composition Oxygen used for supplementary firing in HRSG co-generation applications is provided by the residual in the turbine exhaust gas instead of from an external source of air. Because this flue gas is already at an elevated temperature, duct burner thermal efficiency can approach 100%, as relatively…
Igniter: A permanently installed device that provides proven ignition energy to light off the main burner. Class 1 Igniter. An igniter that is applied to ignite the fuel input through the burner and to support ignition under any burner light-off or operating conditions. Its location and capacity are such that it will provide sufficient ignition…
1.1. Bottom Ash is discharge from the bottom of the combustor to maintain the required inventory. Higher bed pressure drop as an indication of accumulation of over size particle-mostly stones, shale, and agglomerated ash. Usually bottom ash draining is periodically operation as the bed ash quantity is generally <10%> 1.2. Ash Screw Cooler Water-cooled ash screw cooler shown…
The first step in the design of heating surfaces is determining the heat duties of different components of the boiler heating surfaces. Atypical boiler would use the following four types of heating surfaces: Economizer Evaporator Superheater Reheater (for reheat boilers) Heat duty of these elements depends on the designed steam parameter of the boiler. It is…
1. Principles of Circulation Subcooled FW enters the drum, mixes with the circulating boiler water, and attains saturation temperature instantly, as the boiling, circulating water is several times the incoming water flow. This circulating water picks up its latent heat progressively from the hot flue gases to form steam as it goes around the evaporator…
Due to pressure difference across the pump there is always thrust on the rotor toward suction side of pump due to fluid. Therefore, there balancing system is required. Balancing drum Balancing drum is cylindrical portion installed on the rotor of the pump generally at the discharge end side. Small gap in mm is maintained axially…