The study of mechatronic systems can be divided into the following areas of specialty: 1. Physical Systems Modeling 2. Sensors and Actuators 3. Signals and Systems 4. Computers and Logic Systems 5. Software and Data Acquisition As the field of mechatronics continues to mature, the list of relevant topics associated with the area will most certainly expand and evolve.
Mechatronics is a concept of Japanese origin (1970’s) and can be defined as the application of electronics and computer technology to control the motions of mechanical systems (figure 1.1.1). Figure 1.1.1 Definition of Mechatronics It is a multidisciplinary approach to product and manufacturing system design (Figure 1.1.2). It involves application of electrical, mechanical, control and computer engineering to develop products, processes and systems with greater flexibility, ease in redesign and ability of reprogramming. It concurrently includes all these disciplines. Figure 1.1.2 Mechatronics: a multi-disciplinary approach Mechatronics can also be termed as replacement of mechanics with electronics or enhance mechanics with electronics. For example, in modern automobiles, mechanical fuel injection systems are now replaced with electronic fuel injection systems. This replacement made theautomobiles more efficient and less pollutant. With the help of microelectronics and sensor technology, mechatronics systems are providing high levels of precision and reliability. It is now possible to move (in x – y plane) the work table of a modern production machine tool in a step of 0.0001 mm. By employment of reprogrammable microcontrollers/microcomputers, it is now easy to add new functions and capabilities to a product or a system. Today’s domestic washing machines are “intelligent” and four-wheel passenger automobiles are equipped with safety installations suchas air-bags, parking (proximity) sensors, anti- theft electronic keys etc.