Introduction Material fatigue is a critical phenomenon in mechanical engineering that leads to the gradual weakening of materials under repeated loading and unloading cycles. Left unaddressed, fatigue can result in catastrophic failures, impacting structures, machines, and safety-critical components. In this article, we’ll explain what fatigue is, the mechanisms behind it, and the engineering strategies used…
In the field of mechanical design, the choice of materials plays a crucial role in determining the strength, durability, weight, and overall performance of a product. While traditional materials like steel and aluminum have been the backbone of mechanical systems for decades, the emergence of advanced materials has revolutionized design possibilities. This article explores the…
Aluminium Engineering Aluminium is a core engineering material that allows for a limitless number of structures to be built. It is a light material that contains alloys, which possess a superior strength to weight ratio than steel. Aluminium offers a specific gravity of 2.7, while the mass and weight are only 35% of iron and 30%…
Flask:A wooden frame or metal without static top or bottom, a mould is formed. The moulding structure depends on the location of the flask. It is known with various names they are DRAG, COPE, and CHEEK. Drag: Is for lower moulding flask Cope: Is for upper moulding flask Cheek– In the three piece moulding intermediate moulding flask is…
Allotropic Forms of Pure Iron – we know that pure substances may exist in more than one crystalline form. Each such crystalline form is stable over more or less well defined limits of temperature and pressure. This is known as allotropy or polymorphism. The pure iron exists in the following three allotropic forms: (a) Alpha…
Structure of Solids – All solid substances are either amorphous solids or crystalline solids. In the amorphous solids, the atoms are arranged chaotically, i.e., the atoms are not arranged in a systematic order. The common amorphous solids are wood, plastics, glass, paper, rubber etc. In crystalline solids, the atoms making up the crystals arrange themselves…
Pig iron is the crude form of iron and is used as a raw material for the production of various other ferrous metals, such as cast iron, wrought iron and steel. The pig iron is obtained by smelting iron ores in a blast furnace. The iron ores are found in various forms as shown below:…
Wrought iron is the purest iron with very low carbon content with respect to cast iron. It contains 99.5% iron but may contain upto 99.9% iron. The carbon content is about 0.02%. It is soft, ductile, magnetic, and has high elasticity and tensile strength. It can be heated and reheated and worked into various shapes. Although wrought iron exhibits properties…
The plastics are synthetic materials which are moulded into shape under pressure with or without the application of heat. These can also be cast, rolled, extruded, laminated and machined. Following are the two types of plastics: (a) Thermosetting plastics, and (b) Thermoplastic. The thermosetting plastics are those which are formed into shape under heat and pressure and results in…
What is Metallography? The study of internal structure of a metal or alloy, in relation to its physical and mechanical properties, under a microscope is called metallography. When the structure of a metal is seen with the naked eye or by low power magnification, then it is said to be macrography and the observed structure is macrostructure….